statapy——在jupyter里写stata代码

阅读数: 次 2019-11-24

字数统计: 2.6k字 | 阅读时长: 14分

Stata是做生物统计/计量经济学的重要统计工具, 而python是做数据科学的利器, ipystata将stata和python结合在一起, 并能够在jupyter notebook中使用, 使得我们的工作效率大大提升。下面我们介绍一下, 如何安装stata,

如何在python中使用stata, 并进行stata的一些自动化操作。

目前来看, 在jupyternotebook中使用stata有两种方案:

方案一: 使用ipystata模块, 这个模块提供了%%stata魔法函数, 可以把notebook的cell可以执行stata语句
方案二: 使用stata_kernel, 它实际上是一个notebook kernel, 使用stata kernel创建的notebook, 只能执行stata语句

下面我们分别介绍两种方案。

命令行注册

这是windows的安装方法, 如果你是linux, 也是类似的道理, 需要运行stata命令来注册。

使用管理员模式打开powershell:

工作目录调整到stata的安装目录, 然后执行命令.\StataSE-64.exe /Register

1 PS C:\Users\syd> cd c:/
2 PS C:\> cd '.\Program Files (x86)\'
3 PS C:\Program Files (x86)> cd .\Starth\
4 PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Starth> cd ..
5 PS C:\Program Files (x86)> cd .\Stata15\
6 PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Stata15> .\StataSE-64.exe /Register
7 PS C:\Program Files (x86)\Stata15>

方案一: 使用stata魔法函数

安装python模块

(假设你已经安装好了jupyter notebook)

你需要使用pip安装两个模块:

‘’’
pip install ipystata
pip install psutil
‘’’

使用

自己随便新建一个notebook , 然后先设置stata的路径:

1	import ipystata from ipystata.config import config_stata config_stata(r'C:\Program Files (x86)\Stata15\StataSE-64.exe')

然后你可以使用魔法函数%%stata运行一个stata的输出命令:

1	display "hello world"

参数

把pandas.DataFrame发送给stata使用:

在python中提前定义好一个df(DataFrame), 然后:

1	%%stata -d df

或者把数据从stata输出到python:

1	%%stata -o df

为了调试, 运行stata的时候, 可以设置打开stata的操作界面:

1	%%stata -os

输出图表:

1	%%stata -gr

参考

还有很多用法请参考github地址: https://github.com/TiesdeKok/ipystata/blob/master/ipystata/Example.ipynb

方案二: 使用stata kernel

安装方法

在powershell中执行下面两条命令即可:

1	pip install stata_kernelpython -m stata_kernel.install

安装输出:

Looking in indexes: https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/pypi/web/simpleCollecting stata_kernel  Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/pypi/web/packages/10/5c/b0bebe1214f09d50439622ad812fb165b5a8caba1fd0f83d51b67ebc7e4f/stata_kernel-1.5.5-py3-none-any.whl (60kB)    100% |████████████████████████████████| 61kB 2.2MB/sCollecting requests>=2.19.1 (from stata_kernel)  Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/pypi/web/packages/65/47/7e02164a2a3db50ed6d8a6ab1d6d60b69c4c3fdf57a284257925dfc12bda/requests-2.19.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (91kB)    100% |████████████████████████████████| 92kB 1.6MB/sCollecting packaging>=17.1 (from stata_kernel)  Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/pypi/web/packages/89/d1/92e6df2e503a69df9faab187c684585f0136662c12bb1f36901d426f3fab/packaging-18.0-py2.py3-none-any.whlRequirement already satisfied: jupyter>=1.0.0 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from stata_kernel) (1.0.0)Requirement already satisfied: pygments>=2.2.0 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from stata_kernel) (2.2.0)Requirement already satisfied: jupyter-client>=5.2.3 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from stata_kernel) (5.2.3)Requirement already satisfied: pywin32>=223; platform_system == "Windows" in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from stata_kernel) (224)Collecting pexpect>=4.6.0 (from stata_kernel)  Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/pypi/web/packages/89/e6/b5a1de8b0cc4e07ca1b305a4fcc3f9806025c1b651ea302646341222f88b/pexpect-4.6.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (57kB)    100% |████████████████████████████████| 61kB 20.5MB/sCollecting pandas>=0.23.4 (from stata_kernel)  Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/pypi/web/packages/0e/67/def5bfaf4d3324fdb89048889ec523c0903c5efab1a64c8dbe0ac8eec13c/pandas-0.23.4-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl (7.7MB)    100% |████████████████████████████████| 7.7MB 34.2MB/sCollecting regex>=2018.7.11 (from stata_kernel)  Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/pypi/web/packages/15/a5/cdb73862c207dcbb2dec5a4c64f850314910c55097dfa12cdfc533892502/regex-2018.08.29-cp36-none-win_amd64.whl (255kB)    100% |████████████████████████████████| 256kB 1.9MB/sRequirement already satisfied: ipykernel>=4.8.2 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from stata_kernel) (4.8.2)Collecting IPython>=6.5.0 (from stata_kernel)  Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/pypi/web/packages/a0/27/29d66ed395a5c2c3a912332d446a54e2bc3277c36b0bbd22bc71623e0193/ipython-7.0.1-py3-none-any.whl (760kB)    100% |████████████████████████████████| 768kB 3.5MB/sCollecting beautifulsoup4>=4.6.3 (from stata_kernel)  Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/pypi/web/packages/21/0a/47fdf541c97fd9b6a610cb5fd518175308a7cc60569962e776ac52420387/beautifulsoup4-4.6.3-py3-none-any.whl (90kB)    100% |████████████████████████████████| 92kB 452kB/sCollecting pillow>=5.2.0 (from stata_kernel)  Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/pypi/web/packages/bd/39/c76eaf781343162bdb1cf4854cb3bd5947a87ee44363e5acd6c48d69c4a1/Pillow-5.3.0-cp36-cp36m-win_amd64.whl (1.6MB)    100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.6MB 11.4MB/sRequirement already satisfied: certifi>=2017.4.17 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from requests>=2.19.1->stata_kernel) (2018.4.16)Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<1.24,>=1.21.1 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from requests>=2.19.1->stata_kernel) (1.22)Requirement already satisfied: chardet<3.1.0,>=3.0.2 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from requests>=2.19.1->stata_kernel) (3.0.4)Requirement already satisfied: idna<2.8,>=2.5 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from requests>=2.19.1->stata_kernel) (2.6)Requirement already satisfied: six in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from packaging>=17.1->stata_kernel) (1.11.0)Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing>=2.0.2 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from packaging>=17.1->stata_kernel) (2.2.0)Requirement already satisfied: notebook in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (5.5.0)Requirement already satisfied: ipywidgets in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (7.2.1)Requirement already satisfied: jupyter-console in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (5.2.0)Requirement already satisfied: nbconvert in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (5.3.1)Requirement already satisfied: qtconsole in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (4.3.1)Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.1 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from jupyter-client>=5.2.3->stata_kernel) (2.7.3)Requirement already satisfied: pyzmq>=13 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from jupyter-client>=5.2.3->stata_kernel) (17.0.0)Requirement already satisfied: traitlets in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from jupyter-client>=5.2.3->stata_kernel) (4.3.2)Requirement already satisfied: jupyter-core in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from jupyter-client>=5.2.3->stata_kernel) (4.4.0)Requirement already satisfied: tornado>=4.1 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from jupyter-client>=5.2.3->stata_kernel) (5.0.2)Collecting ptyprocess>=0.5 (from pexpect>=4.6.0->stata_kernel)  Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/pypi/web/packages/d1/29/605c2cc68a9992d18dada28206eeada56ea4bd07a239669da41674648b6f/ptyprocess-0.6.0-py2.py3-none-any.whlRequirement already satisfied: pytz>=2011k in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from pandas>=0.23.4->stata_kernel) (2018.4)Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.9.0 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from pandas>=0.23.4->stata_kernel) (1.14.1)Requirement already satisfied: colorama; sys_platform == "win32" in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from IPython>=6.5.0->stata_kernel) (0.3.9)Requirement already satisfied: decorator in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from IPython>=6.5.0->stata_kernel) (4.3.0)Requirement already satisfied: pickleshare in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from IPython>=6.5.0->stata_kernel) (0.7.4)Requirement already satisfied: simplegeneric>0.8 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from IPython>=6.5.0->stata_kernel) (0.8.1)Requirement already satisfied: setuptools>=18.5 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from IPython>=6.5.0->stata_kernel) (28.8.0)Requirement already satisfied: jedi>=0.10 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from IPython>=6.5.0->stata_kernel) (0.12.0)Collecting prompt-toolkit<2.1.0,>=2.0.0 (from IPython>=6.5.0->stata_kernel)  Downloading https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/pypi/web/packages/e5/c5/f1ee6698bdcf615f171a77e81ca70293b16a6d82285f1760b388b4348263/prompt_toolkit-2.0.5-py3-none-any.whl (334kB)    100% |████████████████████████████████| 337kB 12.8MB/sRequirement already satisfied: backcall in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from IPython>=6.5.0->stata_kernel) (0.1.0)Requirement already satisfied: Send2Trash in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from notebook->jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (1.5.0)Requirement already satisfied: terminado>=0.8.1 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from notebook->jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (0.8.1)Requirement already satisfied: jinja2 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from notebook->jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (2.10)Requirement already satisfied: nbformat in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from notebook->jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (4.4.0)Requirement already satisfied: ipython-genutils in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from notebook->jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (0.2.0)Requirement already satisfied: widgetsnbextension~=3.2.0 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from ipywidgets->jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (3.2.1)Requirement already satisfied: mistune>=0.7.4 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from nbconvert->jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (0.8.3)Requirement already satisfied: bleach in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from nbconvert->jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (1.5.0)Requirement already satisfied: entrypoints>=0.2.2 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from nbconvert->jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (0.2.3)Requirement already satisfied: testpath in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from nbconvert->jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (0.3.1)Requirement already satisfied: pandocfilters>=1.4.1 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from nbconvert->jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (1.4.2)Requirement already satisfied: parso>=0.2.0 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from jedi>=0.10->IPython>=6.5.0->stata_kernel) (0.2.0)Requirement already satisfied: wcwidth in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from prompt-toolkit<2.1.0,>=2.0.0->IPython>=6.5.0->stata_kernel) (0.1.7)Requirement already satisfied: pywinpty>=0.5; os_name == "nt" in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from terminado>=0.8.1->notebook->jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (0.5.1)Requirement already satisfied: MarkupSafe>=0.23 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from jinja2->notebook->jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (1.0)Requirement already satisfied: jsonschema!=2.5.0,>=2.4 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from nbformat->notebook->jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (2.6.0)Requirement already satisfied: html5lib!=0.9999,!=0.99999,<0.99999999,>=0.999 in d:\mysites\deeplearning.ai-master\.env\lib\site-packages (from bleach->nbconvert->jupyter>=1.0.0->stata_kernel) (0.9999999)spacy 2.0.11 has requirement regex==2017.4.5, but you'll have regex 2018.8.29 which is incompatible.jupyter-console 5.2.0 has requirement prompt-toolkit<2.0.0,>=1.0.0, but you'll have prompt-toolkit 2.0.5 which is incompatible.Installing collected packages: requests, packaging, ptyprocess, pexpect, pandas, regex, prompt-toolkit, IPython, beautifulsoup4, pillow, stata-kernel  Found existing installation: requests 2.18.4    Uninstalling requests-2.18.4:      Successfully uninstalled requests-2.18.4  Found existing installation: pandas 0.23.0    Uninstalling pandas-0.23.0:      Successfully uninstalled pandas-0.23.0  Found existing installation: regex 2017.4.5    Uninstalling regex-2017.4.5:      Successfully uninstalled regex-2017.4.5  Found existing installation: prompt-toolkit 1.0.15    Uninstalling prompt-toolkit-1.0.15:      Successfully uninstalled prompt-toolkit-1.0.15  Found existing installation: ipython 6.4.0    Uninstalling ipython-6.4.0:      Successfully uninstalled ipython-6.4.0  Found existing installation: Pillow 5.1.0    Uninstalling Pillow-5.1.0:      Successfully uninstalled Pillow-5.1.0Successfully installed IPython-7.0.1 beautifulsoup4-4.6.3 packaging-18.0 pandas-0.23.4 pexpect-4.6.0 pillow-5.3.0 prompt-toolkit-2.0.5 ptyprocess-0.6.0 regex-2018.8.29 requests-2.19.1 stata-kernel-1.5.5You are using pip version 18.0, however version 18.1 is available.You should consider upgrading via the 'python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

使用方法

打开你的notebook:

1	jupyter notebook

然后, 创建一个statanotebook:

最后, 你就可以在cell中写stata命令了:

在新建的notebook中，通过下图可以初步判断是否关联成功。

在命令行输入stata命令，并点击运行执行。如果关联成功，则会在命令的下方显示stata结果窗口的结果。具体如下图所示：

dis 1+3
sysuse auto,clear
reg price weight
scatter price weight